Shaft gauge it is used to check the dimensions of the shaft. A strain gauge is an example of a passive transducer that converts a mechanical displacement into a change of resistance. It is also used for precision inspection, marking out layout and tooling setup. Strain gauge working, types, diagram, applications. A pressure gauge is a mechanical instrument designed to measure the internal pressure andor vacuum of a vessel or system. The measuring element is a curved tube with a circular, spiral or coiled shape, commonly called a bourdon tube. If a bushing is manufactured to mate or assemble with shaft, then shaft is mating part. A vacuum gauge is a pressure gauge used to measure pressures lower than the ambient atmospheric pressure, which is set as the zero point, in negative values e. Popular mechanical gauges and tools used on ships are. Master and setting ring gauges includes gauge blocks, master or setting discs, and setting rings are types of master gauges used to calibrate or set micrometers, optical comparators, or other gauging systems. A vacuum gauge is used to measure the pressure in a vacuumwhich is further divided into two subcategories. In addition linear units such as 1 in 30 or millimeters per meter are often used for specifying tapers and departures from squareness or parallelism.
It is possible to gauge length, diameter, parallelism, concentricity, etc using a simple set up. Different types of measuring tools and gauges used on ships. When a gauge is referred to as electric or mechanical, its referring to the way the gauges get information from your mustang. Key specifications include bore gauge type, measurement range, maximum measuring depth, graduation, as well as a host of possible features. This method provides more structural rigidity than traditional welded frames with reinforced corners. Selection guide for mechanical differential pressure gauges. Dec 14, 2011 a gauge block also known as a gage block, johansson gauge, slip gauge, or jo block is a precision ground and lapped length measuring standard. R is made to be a dummy strain gauge of the same type as r, by mounting on the same type of material, but unstrained. The oil tank gauge consists of a flattened tube bent in the form of a curve that tends to straighten under engine oil pressure.
Moritz gsi, darmstadt, germany abstract mechanical equipment is an integral part of each magnetic measurement. As long as the caplillary tube is not damaged, these gauges are quite rugged and dependable. With a mechanical gauge, you must connect tubing from the engine bay directly to the gauge so that it can take a direct measurement of the medium youre trying to measure. Let me start with the definition of jigs and fixtures.
Hence, by combining several different types of gauge, it is possible to measure. They cover measuring spans from 600 mbar to 4000 bar. Aircraft component testing is one area of application, tiny. Measuring tools and gauges 528 3 side view much larger scale. The metallic foiltype strain gage is constructed of a grid of wire filament of approximately 0. If the go gauge is an exact model of the mating member whose dimensions to be checked, then such a gauge is termed as the standard gauge. Invented in 1896 by swedish machinist carl edvard johansson, they are used as a reference for the calibration of measuring equipment used in machine shops, such as micrometers, sine bars. Mechanical pressure gauges selection guide engineering360. The strain gauge converts the deformation to electrical signals.
Figure shows one of the many types of mechanical pressure gauges in use today. Jan 05, 2018 the comparator is an indirect type of precision measurement because it will not measure the dimension, it will indicate the difference in measurement between the given component and working standard, and another magnification instrument is needed to measure this difference with accuracy. Oct 04, 2011 a standard manometric type mechanical gauge that is used down to 104 torr is the mcleod gauge. The gauge factor, g, of a strain gauge is the ratio of relative change in resistance to the relative change in length. The busing is checked by a go gauge is a copy of the mating part, that is the shaft. Thread gauge it is used to check the threading of the element. In 1938, the first bonded, metallic wire type strain gage was. According to the taylors principle, the go gauge would be a ring gauge having a minimum length equal to the length of the shaft or the length of the engagement of the associated part, whichever is smaller. The applicable pressure range of many of the techniques used to measure vacuums have an overlap. This tube is rather fragile and must be handled and routed carefully to prevent damage. Mar 29, 2020 do not repeat the same angle gauge in one setting. Hole gauge it is used to check the dimensions of the hole present in the element.
This aneroid gauge utilizes flexible bellows connected to a mechanical indicator to measure pressure. Taper gauge it is used to check the dimensions of the tapers. Plain gauge is classified into four different types. Sika pressure gauges are quality measuring instruments for use in industrial applications. The mechanical mass of the gauges also limits the frequency response and makes these sensors suitable only for slowly changing measurements. Different manufacturers incorporate different features or varying levels of components that make each. And it is also used for setting the tool square with the axis of. The mechanical approach used to couple the sensing element to the readout can introduce repeatability errors, which will be discussed later. Types of strain measuring methods there are various types of strain measuring methods, which may roughly be classified into mechanical, optical, and electrical methods. The surface plate is used for testing the flatness of a wp. Trerice pressure gauges are offered in a variety of styles, sizes, and wetted part materials to meet the demands of standard and special applications.
The large dial scale is graduated into 100 divisions. This tool is one of the most famous measuring instruments in. A photoelectric gauge can be as short as 116 inch but its usage proves to be extremely costly and delicate. Jul, 2018 mechanical gauges measure speed or pressure at the source and send the information to the gauge mechanically. Bourdon tube pressure gauges are the most common type in many areas and are used to measure medium to high pressures. Pneumatic gauge provide gauging of several features at once, it has become essential part of production inspection in the industry. Strain gauge theory types, formulas and applications. In this video you will learn how mechanical gauge work. When 2 slip gauges are given, it is possible to build only 1 dimension whereas when 2 angle gauges are given, it is possible to build 2 different angles. Pressure gauges are used for a variety of industrial and applicationspecific pressure monitoring applications. Hamlet m pressure gauges pressure gauges 368 hamlet pressure gauges hamlet advanced control technology 369 industrial mechanical pressure gauges. Mechanical strain gauges are among the most straightforward in the way of making and measuring. General recommendation for working measured pressure is to be in the range of 2565% for pulsating pressures and 2575% for steady pressures out of the maximal dial. Angle gauges are used as a reference gauge or masterpieces for calibrating the angular measuring equipment.
The measurement range of such diaphragm vacuum gauges extends from 1 mbar 0. Instruments used to measure and display pressure in an integral unit are called pressure meters or pressure gauges or vacuum gauges. Various means like mechanical, optical, acoustical, pneumatic or electrical can be used to measure deformation strain of an object. With a need to make quality products which meet design specified tolerances, a large number of firms, research and development centers, and school and college laboratories use measuring instruments that have high accuracy and precision. Many techniques have been developed for the measurement of pressure and vacuum. Splash lubrication system, pressure lubrication system in a detailed way. Below we list the different types of gauges used in industries. Analog pressure gauges are mechanical instruments which measure the force that a contained liquid or gas exerts on a unit area. They are used to measure lengths and other geometrical parameters. Ionization gauge can be divided into hot cathode type and cold cathode type. The indicator is set to zero by the use of slip gauges representing the basic size of part. Also at the end of the article, i will give a pdf downloadable link so that you all can download the pdf and read about jigs and fixtures offline. The notgo gauge would be in the form of snap gauge or gap gauge, so that it is able to reject the noncircular shaft as shown in fig. When this dial indicator is used in any measuring equipment for comparison purpose then that equipments are called dial gauges.
Bore gauges are electromechanical or mechanical metrology instruments that measure the internal diameters of machined holes. A direct drive is ideal for heavy mechanical vibration. Vacuum gaugeworking,typesmechanical,electrical,ionization. A load cell usually consists of four strain gauges in a wheatstone bridge configuration. Invented in 1896 by swedish machinist carl edvard johansson, 1 they are used as a reference for the calibration of measuring equipment used in machine shops, such as micrometers, sine bars, calipers. It is a thin, waferlike device that can be attached to a variety of materials by a suitable adhesive to measure the applied strain. For use on all combinations aluminum to aluminum aluminum to copper.
Through a mechanical arrangement, the force being sensed deforms a strain gauge. Working gauges are used in the shop for dimensional inspection and periodically checked against a master gauge. In this contribution the importance of mechanical tolerances is demonstrated with some examples and the principal rules in order to reduce the influence of mechanical errors are discussed. Strain gauge seminar report, ppt, pdf for mechanical.
Explore strain gauge with free download of seminar report and ppt in pdf and doc format. Master gauge reference gauge depending on the function. Double prismatic guide of 30 020 011 0 150 014 40 0. Gauges gauges perform an essential services in any scheme of quantity production on an interchangeable basis a gauge or limit gauge is a tool or instrument to measure or compare a component. Types and use of precision measuring instruments bright. This article throws light upon the eight main types of limit gauges.
What is the difference between electric and mechanical gauges. Absolute, gauge and differential pressures zero reference although no pressure is an absolute quantity, everyday pressure measurements, such as for tire pressure, are usually made relative to ambient air pressure. The movement mechanism of the instrument is housed in a metal case for its protection. A plug gauge is a cylindrical type of gauge, used to check the accuracy of holes. They are available with analog or digital displays. Principles of operation most trerice pressure gauges are constructed. Types, working, applications, advantages and more posted by saif in this post, you will learn what is a pressure gauge and how it is done with its working principle, applications, advantages, types of pressure gauge and more. Gauges part 1 an introduction to mechanical gauges. Plain gauge is defined as the dimension measuring or inspective tools, without a scale to measure any manufacturing part of tools. The dial indicator is a mechanical mean, having gears and pinions or levers for magnification system. Pressure gauges can be used for visual monitoring of air and gas pressure for. Form gauge it is used to check the forms of the elements. Strain gauges are frequently used in mechanical engineering research and development to measure the stresses generated by machinery. The method of measurement consists of measuring the elongation of the blades and reading this value on a scale magnified times, transmitted by means of mechanical levers.
Types of precision measuring instruments used in industry. The thinner end of the gauge can go into the gap and the thicker body will not no go. Dec 31, 2017 the dial indicator is a mechanical mean, having gears and pinions or levers for magnification system. Since strain on a substance may geometrically be regarded as a distance change between two points on the substance, all methods are but a way of measuring such a distance change. In order to check shafts and the holes, plain gauge is used. Manometers are the simple type of pressure measuring devices which works on the principle of balancing the column of liquid with the same or some another column of liquid. It is employed in the sense of an instrument which having fi. Classification of ic engines classification of chasis pdf fwd, rwd, awd references external links. If you have any doubts, feel free to ask in the comments section. Also explore the seminar topics paper on strain gauge with abstract or synopsis, documentation on advantages and disadvantages, base paper presentation slides for ieee final year mechanical engineering me or production automobile students for the year 2019 2020.
In 1938, the first bonded, metallic wiretype strain gage was introduced. The comparator is an indirect type of precision measurement because it will not measure the dimension, it will indicate the difference in measurement between the given component and working standard, and another magnification instrument is needed to measure this difference with accuracy. Metrology and qualtiy control laboratory manual vernier depth gauge 1 this is similar to vernier height gauge. One type of radiation gauge called alphatron is explained. Mechanical, or analog, pressure gauges have an analog face which displays the pressure reading using a dial. Dial indicator dial gauge types of dial indicators. Dec 23, 2016 there are many different types of feeler gauges. Apr 11, 2020 this is the detailed explanation of types of lubrication systems. A straight leaf feeler gauge has leaves that are consistently parallel.
Gauge block a gauge block also known as a gage block, johansson gauge, slip gauge, or jo block is a precision ground and lapped length measuring standard. Mechanical pressure gauges sika pressure gauges are quality measuring instruments for use in industrial applications. Pressure is typically measured in units of force per unit of surface area. These gauges use a light beam, two fine gratings, and a photocell detector to generate an electrical current proportional to strain.
Pressure measurement is the analysis of an applied force by a fluid liquid or gas on a surface. In all mechanical pressure gauges, pressure results in a force that is converted or transduced into some type of readout. Load cells of one strain gauge quarter bridge or two strain gauges half bridge are also available. Likewise the widely used bourdon gauge is a mechanical device, which both measures and indicates and is probably the best known type of gauge. Length of jaws vernier type 30 020 vernier callipers with parallaxfree reading. Thermal type vacuum gauge can be further divided into pirani gauge and thermocouple type vacuum gauge. So today we will study the definition, types, advantages, disadvantages, application, and also the difference between jigs and fixtures.
1054 964 868 1031 1370 277 335 469 66 688 1023 731 1047 1031 46 300 1136 1049 713 747 1149 540 1513 1291 1195 649 525 1464 445 725 1351 490 867 1339 1209 772 1407 824 1453 1106 467